In this guide, we are going to learn how to install osquery on Rocky Linux 8. Osquery is an opensource tool that queries an operating system as if it were a relational database. It leverage SQL-like queries to gather Operating System information for performance, security, compliance audit analysis. It runs on multiple platforms such as Linux, FreeBSD, MacOS, Windows systems.
Install Osquery on Rocky Linux 8
Install Osquery YUM Repository
The default Rocky Linux repositories does not contain the osquery package.
However, osquery publishes the stable releases to YUM repository.
To add osquery YUM repository to Rocky Linux 8, run the command below;
curl -L https://pkg.osquery.io/rpm/GPG | sudo tee /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-osquery
dnf config-manager --add-repo https://pkg.osquery.io/rpm/osquery-s3-rpm.repo
This installs Osquery yum repository, and you can confirm by running the command below;
dnf repolist | grep osquery
Sample output;
osquery-s3-rpm-repo name=osquery RPM repository - x86_64Install Osquery on Rocky Linux 8
Once the repository is in place, you can then install Osquery by running the command below.
dnf --enablerepo osquery-s3-rpm-repo install osquery -y
Components of osquery
Osquery package installs three basic components;
osqueryctl– This is an osquery helper script for testing osquery configuration/deployment as well as managing the osqueryd service.osqueryd– is an osquery daemon for scheduling queries and recording the changes in the state of OS.osqueryi– is an osquery interactive shell. From the shell, you can run various queries to explore that state of your OS.
In order to learn the usage of the commands above, you can pass the -h/–help option.
osqueryctl -h
Usage: /usr/bin/osqueryctl {clean|config-check|start|stop|status|restart}
For example to start, stop and restart osqueryd using osqueryctl, run the commands;
osqueryctl start osqueryd
osqueryctl stop osqueryd
osqueryctl restart osqueryd
Running Osquery on Rocky Linux 8
Osquery can be run:
- in standalone mode using the
osqueryior - as service using
osqueryd
In this guide, we are going to focus on how to use the osquery interactive shell to query various system activities.
Running osquery in standalone mode
When osqueryi is run without any arguments, it takes you to the interactive shell prompt;
osqueryi
Using a virtual database. Need help, type '.help'
osquery>
You can obtain help by typing .help on the shell prompt. Notice the dot (.).
osquery> .help
Welcome to the osquery shell. Please explore your OS!
You are connected to a transient 'in-memory' virtual database.
.all [TABLE] Select all from a table
.bail ON|OFF Stop after hitting an error
.connect PATH Connect to an osquery extension socket
.disconnect Disconnect from a connected extension socket
.echo ON|OFF Turn command echo on or off
.exit Exit this program
.features List osquery's features and their statuses
.headers ON|OFF Turn display of headers on or off
.help Show this message
.mode MODE Set output mode where MODE is one of:
csv Comma-separated values
column Left-aligned columns see .width
line One value per line
list Values delimited by .separator string
pretty Pretty printed SQL results (default)
.nullvalue STR Use STRING in place of NULL values
.print STR... Print literal STRING
.quit Exit this program
.schema [TABLE] Show the CREATE statements
.separator STR Change separator used by output mode
.socket Show the local osquery extensions socket path
.show Show the current values for various settings
.summary Alias for the show meta command
.tables [TABLE] List names of tables
.types [SQL] Show result of getQueryColumns for the given query
.width [NUM1]+ Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON|OFF Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off
Listing Osquery system Information tables
Osquery converts various OS attributes into tabular like database concepts. Hence, to list tables from which various system information is stored, run the .tables command within the osqueryi prompt.
osqueryiosquery> .tables
Sample output;
=> acpi_tables => apt_sources => arp_cache => augeas => authorized_keys => block_devices => carbon_black_info => carves => chrome_extensions => cpu_time … => time => uptime => usb_devices => user_events => user_groups => user_ssh_keys => users => yara => yara_events => yum_sources osquery>
Querying Osquery system tables
For example purposes, let us see what is contained on some of the tables;
select * from os_version;
+-------------+------------------------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+----------+---------------+----------+--------+ | name | version | major | minor | patch | build | platform | platform_like | codename | arch | +-------------+------------------------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+----------+---------------+----------+--------+ | Rocky Linux | Rocky Linux release 8.4 (Green Obsidian) | 8 | 4 | 0 | | rhel | rhel | | x86_64 | +-------------+------------------------------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+----------+---------------+----------+--------+
To query system users whose uid is greater than 1000,
select * from users where uid >=1000;
+-------+-------+------------+------------+-----------+----------------------+-----------------+---------------+------+ | uid | gid | uid_signed | gid_signed | username | description | directory | shell | uuid | +-------+-------+------------+------------+-----------+----------------------+-----------------+---------------+------+ | 65534 | 65534 | 65534 | 65534 | nobody | Kernel Overflow User | / | /sbin/nologin | | | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | kifarunix | | /home/kifarunix | /bin/bash | | +-------+-------+------------+------------+-----------+----------------------+-----------------+---------------+------+
To list all logged in users;
select user,tty,host,time from logged_in_users where tty not like '~';
+-----------+-------+--------------+------------+ | user | tty | host | time | +-----------+-------+--------------+------------+ | kifarunix | tty1 | | 1628876993 | | root | pts/0 | 192.168.60.1 | 1628875575 | +-----------+-------+--------------+------------+
Check system uptime;
select * from uptime;
+------+-------+---------+---------+---------------+ | days | hours | minutes | seconds | total_seconds | +------+-------+---------+---------+---------------+ | 0 | 4 | 21 | 49 | 4909 | +------+-------+---------+---------+---------------+
To show network interfaces and IP addresses;
select interface,address,mask from interface_addresses where interface NOT LIKE '%lo%';
+-----------+----------------------------------+-----------------------+ | interface | address | mask | +-----------+----------------------------------+-----------------------+ | enp0s3 | 10.0.2.15 | 255.255.255.0 | | enp0s8 | 192.168.60.19 | 255.255.255.0 | | enp0s3 | fe80::689b:622:1eaf:287a%enp0s3 | ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:: | | enp0s8 | fe80::301d:abeb:ad8b:6c56%enp0s8 | ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:: | +-----------+----------------------------------+-----------------------+
See the Osquery tables columns on osquery Schemas page.
Osquery command output view modes
The osquery command output view mode can be changed by running the command, .mode MODE from within the osqueryi shell prompt, where MODE can be line, csv, pretty (default), column, list.
For example to set the view to line mode;
osquery> .mode line
The when you run the queries, output is produced line by line;
SELECT * FROM system_info;
hostname = rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com
uuid = 85dd4d36-5e88-864a-b6e8-1919f794534a
cpu_type = x86_64
cpu_subtype = 142
cpu_brand = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U CPU @ 1.80GHz
cpu_physical_cores = 1
cpu_logical_cores = 1
cpu_microcode =
physical_memory = 848629760
hardware_vendor = innotek GmbH
hardware_model = VirtualBox
hardware_version = 1.2
hardware_serial = 0
board_vendor = Oracle Corporation
board_model = VirtualBox
board_version = 1.2
board_serial = 0
computer_name = rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com
local_hostname = rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com
List installed system packages;
select * from rpm_packages top limit 3;
name = NetworkManager
version = 1.30.0
release = 10.el8_4
source = NetworkManager-1.30.0-10.el8_4.src.rpm
size = 7215759
sha1 = f910dc05b56f78fcec2386ac164fcba0316299fa
arch = x86_64
epoch = 1
install_time = 1628844768
vendor = Rocky
package_group = System Environment/Base
name = NetworkManager-libnm
version = 1.30.0
release = 10.el8_4
source = NetworkManager-1.30.0-10.el8_4.src.rpm
size = 9262984
sha1 = 25eb93263187481d1475d2dd5b25d8639808e04a
arch = x86_64
epoch = 1
install_time = 1628844766
vendor = Rocky
package_group = Development/Libraries
name = NetworkManager-team
version = 1.30.0
release = 10.el8_4
source = NetworkManager-1.30.0-10.el8_4.src.rpm
size = 49616
sha1 = f8a8fbd59ba1a1901e27ab2833aa8705902965c6
arch = x86_64
epoch = 1
install_time = 1628844958
vendor = Rocky
package_group = System Environment/Base
Exit Osquery Interactive shell
To exit osqueri interactive shell, osquery>, use the command .exit or simply press Control+d keyboard combination keys.
osquery> .exit
Running Osquery as a service
osqueryd is an osquery daemon for scheduling queries and recording the changes in the state of OS. You can use this daemon to run Osquery a service.
For this to work, you need to copy the sample Osquery configuration to /etc/osquery directory as follows;
cp /usr/share/osquery/osquery.example.conf /etc/osquery/osquery.conf
Next, that the service;
systemctl start osqueryd
Checking the status;
systemctl status osqueryd
● osqueryd.service - The osquery Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/osqueryd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2021-08-13 21:03:04 EAT; 5s ago
Process: 2244 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c if [ -f $LOCAL_PIDFILE ]; then mv $LOCAL_PIDFILE $PIDFILE; fi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 2241 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c if [ ! -f $FLAG_FILE ]; then touch $FLAG_FILE; fi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2245 (osqueryd)
Tasks: 14 (limit: 4938)
Memory: 9.5M
CGroup: /system.slice/osqueryd.service
├─2245 /usr/bin/osqueryd --flagfile /etc/osquery/osquery.flags --config_path /etc/osquery/osquery.conf
└─2248 /usr/bin/osqueryd
Aug 13 21:03:04 rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com systemd[1]: Starting The osquery Daemon...
Aug 13 21:03:04 rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com systemd[1]: Started The osquery Daemon.
Aug 13 21:03:04 rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com osqueryd[2245]: osqueryd started [version=4.9.0]
Aug 13 21:03:07 rocky8.kifarunix-demo.com osqueryd[2245]: I0813 21:03:07.644742 2248 eventfactory.cpp:156] Event
Well, that is it on how to install Osquery on Rocky Linux 8. You can continue to explore this awesome tool.
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