Deploy All-In-One OpenStack with Kolla-Ansible on Ubuntu 18.04

In this guide, you will to learn how to deploy all-in-one OpenStack with Kolla-Ansible on Ubuntu 18.04.

Kolla provides Docker containers and Ansible playbooks to meet Kolla’s mission. Kolla’s mission is to provide production-ready containers and deployment tools for operating OpenStack clouds. It allows the operators with minimal experience to deploy OpenStack quickly and as experience grows modify the OpenStack configuration to suit the operator’s exact requirements.

Deploying All-In-One OpenStack with Kolla-Ansible on Ubuntu

System Requirements

Below are the recommended minimum requirements for deploying AIO OpenStack with Kolla-Ansible:

• 2 (or more) network interfaces.
• At least 8gb main memory
• At least 40gb disk space

Below are our deployment system specifics;

Interfaces	2 network interfaces: enp1s0: 192.168.122.216/24 enp6s0: no assigned IP address
RAM	8 GB
vCPUs	2
Storage	/dev/vda (root filesystem), /: 50G /dev/vda5 (Volume group, openstack_cinder): 50G
Virtualization Platform	KVM
Operating System	Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
User	non root user with sudo rights

You can provide as much resources since the more resources you have the better the performance of the stack.

NOTE: We are running the installation as non root user with sudo privileges.

Install Required Packages on Ubuntu 18.04

Before you can proceed, there are a number of required packages that needs to be installed.

Update and upgrade your system packages

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

Install the required packages;

sudo apt install python3-dev python3-venv libffi-dev gcc libssl-dev git

Create a virtual environment for deploying Kolla-ansible. To avoid conflict between system packages and Kolla-ansible packages, it is recommended that Kolla-ansible be installed in a virtual environment.

You can create a virtual environment by executing the command below. Be sure to replace the path to your virtual environment.

python3 -m venv $HOME/kolla-openstack

Next, activate your virtual environment;

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

Once you activate the Kolla-ansible virtual environment, you shell prompt should change. See my shell prompt;

(kolla-openstack) koromicha@kolla-ansible:~$

Upgrade pip;

pip install -U pip

Install Ansible on Ubuntu 18.04

Install Ansible from the virtual environment. If you ever log out of the virtual environment, you can always source the path to activate it;

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

Next, install Ansible. Kolla requires at least Ansible 2.8 up to 2.9.

pip install 'ansible<2.10'

Create an ansible configuration file on your home directory with the following tunables;

vim $HOME/ansible.cfg

[defaults]
host_key_checking=False
pipelining=True
forks=100

Install Kolla-ansible on Ubuntu 18.04

Install Kolla-ansible on Ubuntu 18.04 using pip from the virtual environment above;

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

pip install kolla-ansible

Configure Kolla-ansible for All-in-one OpenStack Deployment

Next, create Kolla configuration directory;

sudo mkdir /etc/kolla

Update the ownership of the Kolla config directory to the user with which you activated Koll-ansible deployment virtual environment as.

sudo chown $USER:$USER /etc/kolla

Copy the main Kolla configuration file, globals.yml and the OpenStack services passwords file, passwords.yml into the Kolla configuration directory above from the virtual environment.

cp $HOME/kolla-openstack/share/kolla-ansible/etc_examples/kolla/* /etc/kolla/

Copy Kolla-ansible deployment inventory to the current working directory. In this tutorial, we are deploying all-in-one OpenStack with Kolla-ansible. Hence, copy the all-in-one ansible inventory file.

cp $HOME/kolla-openstack/share/kolla-ansible/ansible/inventory/all-in-one .

Define Kolla-Ansible Global Deployment Options

Open the globals.yml configuration file and define the AIO Kolla global deployment options;

vim /etc/kolla/globals.yml

Below are the basic options that we enabled for our AIO OpenStack deployment.

grep -vE '^$|^#' /etc/kolla/globals.yml

---
config_strategy: "COPY_ALWAYS"
kolla_base_distro: "ubuntu"
kolla_install_type: "binary"
openstack_release: "ussuri"
kolla_internal_vip_address: "192.168.122.206"
kolla_internal_fqdn: "kolla-openstack.kifarunix-demo.com"
kolla_external_vip_address: "{{ kolla_internal_vip_address }}"
kolla_external_fqdn: "{{ kolla_internal_fqdn }}"
network_interface: "enp1s0"
neutron_external_interface: "enp6s0"
neutron_plugin_agent: "openvswitch"
enable_haproxy: "yes"
enable_cinder: "yes"
enable_cinder_backend_lvm: "yes"
keystone_token_provider: 'fernet'
cinder_volume_group: "openstack_cinder"
nova_compute_virt_type: "qemu"

Note that we enabled cinder block storage for openstack and defined the name of the existing volume group.

sudo vgs

  VG               #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree  
  openstack_cinder   1   0   0 wz--n- <53.06g <53.06g

Refer to Kolla-ansible documentation guide to learn more about the global options used above. The configuration is also highly commented. Go through the comments for each option to learn what it is about a specific option.

Generate Kolla Passwords

Kolla passwords.yml configuration file stores various OpenStack services passwords. You can automatically generate the password using the Kolla-ansible kolla-genpwd in your virtual environment.

Ensure that your virtual environment is activated

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

Next, generate the passwords;

kolla-genpwd

All generated passwords will be populated to /etc/kolla/passwords.yml file.

Configure All-in-one OpenStack deployment Inventory

You now have our deployment inventory in place. Since we are running an all-in-one deployment, we will leave all the default options defined on the all-in-one inventory file as is.

Deploy All-In-One OpenStack

Since everything is setup, you can now start to deploy OpenStack using Kolla-ansible playbooks.

Again, ensure that your virtual environment is activated.

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

Bootstrap your localhost configuration before deploying containers using bootstrap-servers subcommand.

kolla-ansible -i all-in-one bootstrap-servers

Below is just a snippet of the bootstrapping command;

...
TASK [baremetal : Restart docker] ******************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Enable docker] *******************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Stop time service] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Stop time service] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Synchronizing time one-time] *****************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Start time sync service] *********************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Start time sync service] *********************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : Change state of selinux] *********************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

TASK [baremetal : include_tasks] *******************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=39   changed=16   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=32   rescued=0    ignored=0  

This is what the bootstrap command do;

• Customisation of /etc/hosts
• Creation of user and group
• Kolla configuration directory
• Package installation and removal
• Docker engine installation and configuration
• Disabling firewalls
• Creation of Python virtual environment
• Configuration of Apparmor
• Configuration of SELinux
• Configuration of NTP daemon

Run pre-deployment checks;

kolla-ansible -i all-in-one prechecks

If everything is fine, proceed to deploy OpenStack with Kolla-ansible

kolla-ansible -i all-in-one deploy

The process might take a while as it involves building containers for different OpenStack services.

If all ends well, you should get 0 failed tasks;

...
PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=366  changed=72   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=245  rescued=0    ignored=0

List Running OpenStack Docker Containers

Once the deployment is done, you can list running OpenStack docker containers.

docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                  COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
c6b248403560        kolla/ubuntu-binary-horizon:ussuri                     "dumb-init --single-…"   8 minutes ago       Up 8 minutes                            horizon
2beb267813bf        kolla/ubuntu-binary-heat-engine:ussuri                 "dumb-init --single-…"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           heat_engine
5870b0231ebd        kolla/ubuntu-binary-heat-api-cfn:ussuri                "dumb-init --single-…"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           heat_api_cfn
66f4ed832ddd        kolla/ubuntu-binary-heat-api:ussuri                    "dumb-init --single-…"   11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes                           heat_api
f2bb8fada9a7        kolla/ubuntu-binary-neutron-metadata-agent:ussuri      "dumb-init --single-…"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes                           neutron_metadata_agent
f9d5336ac7c6        kolla/ubuntu-binary-neutron-l3-agent:ussuri            "dumb-init --single-…"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes                           neutron_l3_agent
9d03c6194140        kolla/ubuntu-binary-neutron-dhcp-agent:ussuri          "dumb-init --single-…"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes                           neutron_dhcp_agent
a19896229e01        kolla/ubuntu-binary-neutron-openvswitch-agent:ussuri   "dumb-init --single-…"   15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes                           neutron_openvswitch_agent
4fb2a327014a        kolla/ubuntu-binary-neutron-server:ussuri              "dumb-init --single-…"   15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes                           neutron_server
c5afee94823a        kolla/ubuntu-binary-openvswitch-vswitchd:ussuri        "dumb-init --single-…"   25 minutes ago      Up 25 minutes                           openvswitch_vswitchd
84c10bfce945        kolla/ubuntu-binary-openvswitch-db-server:ussuri       "dumb-init --single-…"   25 minutes ago      Up 25 minutes                           openvswitch_db
1b4b0189c044        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-compute:ussuri                "dumb-init --single-…"   49 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           nova_compute
410bc4a9ac94        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-libvirt:ussuri                "dumb-init --single-…"   51 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           nova_libvirt
286aabab9557        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-ssh:ussuri                    "dumb-init --single-…"   53 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           nova_ssh
f7ade004aba0        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-novncproxy:ussuri             "dumb-init --single-…"   54 minutes ago      Up 34 minutes                           nova_novncproxy
ce053ee3936c        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-conductor:ussuri              "dumb-init --single-…"   54 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           nova_conductor
9ace1abb6b13        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-api:ussuri                    "dumb-init --single-…"   54 minutes ago      Up 33 minutes                           nova_api
93ec899f31e3        kolla/ubuntu-binary-nova-scheduler:ussuri              "dumb-init --single-…"   54 minutes ago      Up 32 minutes                           nova_scheduler
71675d26922b        kolla/ubuntu-binary-placement-api:ussuri               "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 33 minutes                           placement_api
022bc9dd585c        kolla/ubuntu-binary-cinder-backup:ussuri               "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 32 minutes                           cinder_backup
10f728092b34        kolla/ubuntu-binary-cinder-volume:ussuri               "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 33 minutes                           cinder_volume
e34abeac698c        kolla/ubuntu-binary-cinder-scheduler:ussuri            "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 33 minutes                           cinder_scheduler
d82dbb5a8b94        kolla/ubuntu-binary-cinder-api:ussuri                  "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 32 minutes                           cinder_api
c214451bc731        kolla/ubuntu-binary-glance-api:ussuri                  "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 34 minutes                           glance_api
d895ebbc56b9        kolla/ubuntu-binary-keystone-fernet:ussuri             "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 33 minutes                           keystone_fernet
8e59bb92ad72        kolla/ubuntu-binary-keystone-ssh:ussuri                "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 34 minutes                           keystone_ssh
4e3f928dc21d        kolla/ubuntu-binary-keystone:ussuri                    "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 34 minutes                           keystone
e53e6f4982af        kolla/ubuntu-binary-rabbitmq:ussuri                    "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 33 minutes                           rabbitmq
bc7eeed07ef7        kolla/ubuntu-binary-tgtd:ussuri                        "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 32 minutes                           tgtd
50fb03637da8        kolla/ubuntu-binary-iscsid:ussuri                      "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 32 minutes                           iscsid
87d533ef99ee        kolla/ubuntu-binary-memcached:ussuri                   "dumb-init --single-…"   About an hour ago   Up 34 minutes                           memcached
8504b79a0988        kolla/ubuntu-binary-keepalived:ussuri                  "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           keepalived
73cbbebc44c2        kolla/ubuntu-binary-haproxy:ussuri                     "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           haproxy
c44ebacd4a1b        kolla/ubuntu-binary-mariadb-clustercheck:ussuri        "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 33 minutes                           mariadb_clustercheck
f307c05bc38a        kolla/ubuntu-binary-mariadb:ussuri                     "dumb-init -- kolla_…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           mariadb
5693020d43a2        kolla/ubuntu-binary-chrony:ussuri                      "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           chrony
9cb7d0776984        kolla/ubuntu-binary-cron:ussuri                        "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           cron
acf3ce5c1813        kolla/ubuntu-binary-kolla-toolbox:ussuri               "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 33 minutes                           kolla_toolbox
54b6b06d7e03        kolla/ubuntu-binary-fluentd:ussuri                     "dumb-init --single-…"   2 hours ago         Up 34 minutes                           fluentd

All-in-one OpenStack is now up and running.

All-in-one OpenStack Post Deployment Tasks

Install OpenStack command line administration tools. You can do this from the virtual environment.

source $HOME/kolla-openstack/bin/activate

pip install python-openstackclient python-neutronclient python-glanceclient

You can now administer OpenStack from cli. For example, to list the currently available services;

openstack service list

+----------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| ID                               | Name        | Type           |
+----------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| 06864fe8aae14ca9ad3a021af20b6159 | nova_legacy | compute_legacy |
| 3f3b8fdfc1b04d789cbafc820ba6971d | cinderv3    | volumev3       |
| 5cb91155a74d4fe0bed0081f60376b0f | heat        | orchestration  |
| 789c635f1dc947018aaa962537547985 | glance      | image          |
| abe33e17f53d4656b71251cbf57cf24c | nova        | compute        |
| df623a12fe25412b9bd29483560eb4e5 | neutron     | network        |
| e2318f5d7a424dac9416910e6b1094f6 | placement   | placement      |
| e6c08f0c6a84421e85c8bff4c73a1b83 | heat-cfn    | cloudformation |
| ec383b1d33aa4d64ab55829a44b3c687 | keystone    | identity       |
| f0d09637e4b84db1a02ce26b005407ca | cinderv2    | volumev2       |
+----------------------------------+-------------+----------------+

Generate OpenStack admin user credentials file (openrc).

kolla-ansible post-deploy

This command generates the admin credentials file, /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh.

source /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh

Create OpenStack networks, images, nova keys using init-runonce script. The script downloads a cirros image and registers it. Then it configures networking and nova quotas to allow 40 m1.small instances to be created.

In regards to networking, edit the init-runonce script and configure your public network,that you want to connect to the internet via.

vim kolla-openstack/share/kolla-ansible/init-runonce

...
ENABLE_EXT_NET=${ENABLE_EXT_NET:-1}
EXT_NET_CIDR=${EXT_NET_CIDR:-'192.168.122.0/24'}
EXT_NET_RANGE=${EXT_NET_RANGE:-'start=192.168.122.15,end=192.168.122.45'}
EXT_NET_GATEWAY=${EXT_NET_GATEWAY:-'192.168.122.1'}

Next, run the script from the virtual environment.

kolla-openstack/share/kolla-ansible/init-runonce

...
+----------------------------+-----------+
| Field                      | Value     |
+----------------------------+-----------+
| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False     |
| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0         |
| disk                       | 160       |
| id                         | 5         |
| name                       | m1.xlarge |
| os-flavor-access:is_public | True      |
| properties                 |           |
| ram                        | 16384     |
| rxtx_factor                | 1.0       |
| swap                       |           |
| vcpus                      | 8         |
+----------------------------+-----------+

Done.

To deploy a demo instance, run:

openstack server create \
    --image cirros \
    --flavor m1.tiny \
    --key-name mykey \
    --network demo-net \
    demo1

Reconfiguring the Stack

If you want to reconfigure the stack by adding or removing services, edit the globals.yml configuration file and redoply the changes from the virtual environment.

For example, after making changes on the globals config file, reconfigure the stack;

source /path/to/virtual-environment/bin/activate

The redeploy the changes;

kolla-ansible -i all-in-one  reconfigure

Accessing OpenStack Web Interface (Horizon)

So far so good! OpenStack is up and running. It is time we login to the web interface.

First, check the OpenStack IP address (the Kolla VIP address).

ip add show enp1s0

2: enp1s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:3e:8c:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.216/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global dynamic enp1s0
       valid_lft 2697sec preferred_lft 2697sec
    inet 192.168.122.206/32 scope global enp1s0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe3e:8caf/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

So, 192.168.122.206, is the IP address with which we access OpenStack from the external browser.

Therefore, to access the OpenStack Horizon from the browser, use the address, http://192.168.122.206.

.This should take you to OpenStack web interface login page;

Login using admin as the username.

You can obtain the admin credentials from the Kolla passwords file, /etc/kolla/passwords.yml. For the Horizon authentication, you need to the Keystone admin password.

grep keystone_admin_password /etc/kolla/passwords.yml

keystone_admin_password: vyntMgfyaZnHUcVGqQJ5OqVxbe4ppUJ2exAiB7po

When you successfully log in, you land on OpenStack horizon dashboard.

Launching an Instance on OpenStack AIO

We already have cirros image registered (Admin > Compute > Images).

Example networks (Admin > Network > Networks) created.

We also have different flavours of the cirros image created;

To create and launch an instance, navigate to Project > Compute > Instances. Click Launch Instance.

Set the details of the instance, set the source image, the flavour, the networks and other settings.

Click Launch Instance when done.

The instance takes a few mins to create. When done, it should look like as shown below;

Click on the instance name to see more details including logs, access to console…

You can as well deploy an instance using OpenStack CLI client;

openstack server create \
    --image cirros \
    --flavor m1.tiny \
    --key-name mykey \
    --network demo-net \
    inst002

Check the status of the OpenStack instances;

openstack server list

+--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------------------+--------+---------+
| ID                                   | Name    | Status | Networks               | Image  | Flavor  |
+--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------------------+--------+---------+
| c429be25-b8d0-482c-a68a-e11836ab9dc9 | inst002 | ACTIVE | demo-net=10.0.0.240    | cirros | m1.tiny |
| b5467ca7-0224-42e0-b3ed-ffe7cf6a6885 | inst001 | ACTIVE | public1=192.168.122.28 |        | m1.tiny |
+--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------------------+--------+---------+

For more OpenStack client examples, refer to;

OpenStack command-line interface cheat sheet

Further Reading

Getting Started with Ansible

OpenStack Administration guides

Getting Started with Docker

Reference

OpenStack Kolla-Ansible Quick Start Guide

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